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Family of [[/B-H loop|B-H loops]] of a typical [[/grain-oriented electrical steel]] (grade M4), only upper halves are shown (in 1st and 2nd quadrant, the lower parts were symmetrical).

The thick black curve shows the [[/magnetisation curve]] created by joining the tips of the loops. The points marked on the vertical axis (for H = 0) have the tangential lines drawn through them (slopes) indicating [[/reversible permeability]] at each such point.

The inset shows the magnetisation curve B = f (H) as the black curve, and the relative amplitude permeability as μ<sub>r</sub> = f (H) as the blue curve. The [[/permeability]] curve goes through a maximum at around B = 1.2 T. 

For low amplitude of excitation, the permeability reduces (note the last slope changing its angle) as the  [[/initial permeability]] is approached.

The data was measured by S. Zurek.

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{{tag> B-H_loops Hysteresis_loops B-H_curve Magnetisation_curve Relative_amplitude_permeability Reversible_permeability Maximum_permeability Magnetic_flux_density Magnetic_field_strength B H mu μ Files}}